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| Ta‘u is the largest island in the Manu‘a Group and the easternmost volcanic island of the Samoan Islands. Ta‘u is part of American Samoa. In the early 19th century, the island was sometimes called Opoun.
The island is the eroded remnant of a "hotspot" shield volcano with a caldera complex or collapse feature (Liu Bench) on the south face. The summit of the island, called Lata Mountain, is at an elevation of 966 m (3,170 ft), making it the highest point in American Samoa. The last known volcanic eruption in the Manu‘a Islands was in 1866, on the submarine ridge that extends westnorthwest towards nearby Ofu-Olosega.
The largest airport in the Manu‘a Islands is on the northeast corner of Ta‘u at Fiti‘uta. A boat harbor is located at Faleasao at the northwestern corner of the island. A roadway along the north coast connects all of the several inhabited villages between Ta‘u on the west and Fiti‘uta.
All of the southeastern half of Ta‘u—including all of the rainforest on top of Lata Mountain and within the caldera—and southern shoreline and associated coral reefs are part of the National Park of American Samoa. The park includes the ancient, sacred site of Saua, considered to be the birthplace of the Polynesian people.
Administratively, the island is divided into three counties: Faleasao County, Fitiuta County, and Ta'u County. Along with Ofu and Olosega islands, Tau Island comprises the Manua District of American Samoa. The land area of Tau Island is 44.31 km˛ (17.11 sq mi) and it had a population of 873 persons as of the 2000 census.
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